An estimate of how many grams of carbohydrate is processed by 1 unit of insulin. This can be used along with “carb counting” to estimate how much insulin should be injected for a meal based on the number of carbohydrates contained. For example, if your insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio is 1:10 and you have 50 grams of carbohydrate, you would inject 5 units of fast-acting insulin.